Adrenal cortex layers and products: “Go Find Rex, Make Good Sex“:

Layers:

Glomerulosa
Fasiculata
Reticulata
Respective products:
Mineralcorticoids
Glucocorticoids
Sex hormones
Alternatively for layers: GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate, convenient since adrenal glands are atop kidney).
- Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/

Adrenal gland: functions: ACTH:

Adrenergic functions
Catabolism of proteins/ Carbohydrate metabolism
T cell immunomodulation
Hyper/ Hypotension (blood pressure control)
- Author: The Cashman University of Queensland, Australia

Alkalosis vs. acidosis: directions of pH and HCO3: ROME:

Respiratory= Opposite:
pH is high, PCO2 is down (Alkalosis).
pH is low, PCO2 is up (Acidosis).
Metabolic= Equal:
pH is high, HCO3 is high (Alkalosis).
pH is low, HCO3 is low (Acidosis).
- Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/

Balance organs

Carotid sinus vs. carotid body function: carotid SinuS: measures preSSure.

Compliance of lungs factors: COMPLIANCE:

Collagen deposition (fibrosis)
Ossification of costal cartilages
Major obesity
Pulmonary venous congestion
Lung size
Increased expanding pressure
Age
No surfactant
Chest wall scarring
Emphysema
All but L/A/E decrease compliance.
- Author: Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Diabetes Insipidous: diagnosing subtypes: After a desmopression injection:

Einthoven’s Triangle: organization: Corners are at RA (right arm), LA (left arm), LL (left leg).

Number of L’s at a corner tell how many + signs are at that corner [eg LL is ++].
Sum of number of L’s of any 2 corners tells the name of the lead [eg LL-LA is lead III].
For reference axes, the negative angle hemisphere is on the half of the triangle drawing that has all the
negative signs; positive angle hemisphere contains only positive signs.
- Author: Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Hb-oxygen dissociation curve shifts: effect, location

Left shift: causes Loading of O2 in L
Right shift: causes Release of O2 from Hb.
- Author: Khawaja Atif Farooq Rawalpindi Medical College, Horizon Medical Institute, Pakistan

Heart electrical conduction pathway: “If patient’s family are all having Heart attacks, you must SAVe HIS KIN!”

Hyperthyroidism: signs and symptoms: THYROIDISM:

Tremor
Heart rate up
Yawning [fatigability]
Restlessness
Oligomenorrhea & amenorrhea
Intolerance to heat
Diarrhea
Irritability
Sweating
Musle wasting & weight loss
- Author: Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Intrinsic vs. extrinsic pathway tests: “PeT PiTTbull”:

PeT: PT is for extrinsic pathway.
PiTTbull: PTT is for intrinsic pathway.
- Author: Marcus James Fidel Medical Student, University of New Mexico

Osteoblast vs. osteoclast

PGI2 vs. TxA2 coagulation function

TxA2 Aggregates platelets.
PGI2 Inhibits aggregation.
Note: full name of PGI2 is prostaglandin I2 or prostacyclin, full name of TxA2 is thromboxane A2.
- Author: Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Pituitary hormones: FLAGTOP:

Follicle stimulating hormone
Lutinizing hormone
Adrenocorticotropin hormone
Growth hormone
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Oxytocin
Prolactin
Alternatively: GOAT FLAP with the second ‘A’ for Anti-diruetic homone/vasopressin
Note: there is also melanocyte secreting homone and Lipotropin, but they are not well understood.
- Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/

Progesterone: actions: PROGESTE:

Produce cervical mucous
Relax uterine smooth muscle
Oxycotin sensitivity down
Gonadotropin [FSH, LH] secretions down
Endometrial spiral arteries and secretions up
Sustain pregnancy
Temperature up / Tit development
Excitability of myometrium down
- Author: Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

Prolactin and oxytocin: functions

PROlactin stimulates the mammary glands to PROduce milk.
Oxytocin stimulates the mammary glands to Ooze (release) milk.
- Author: Rinku Uberoi Willsey Institute

Temperature control: cerebral regions: “High Power Air Conditioner”:

Heating = Posterior hipothalamo [hypothalamus].
Anterior hipothalamo [hypothalamus] = C
- Author: Gilvano Amorim Oliveira Universidade de Santo Amaro São Paulo/Brasil