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Home Mnemonics

Genetics Mnemonics

Dr.NM Tamilmani by Dr.NM Tamilmani
September 15, 2023
in Mnemonics
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Master Genetics the Fun Way: Genetics Mnemonics for Easy Learning

A

Achrondroplasia dwarfism: inheritance pattern

  • Achondroplasia Dwarfism is Autosomal D
    • Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

B

Blots: function of Southern vs. Northern vs. Western: “SN0WDR0P“:

­                Match up the 1st word letter with 2nd word letter:

  • Southern=DNA
  • Northern=RNA
  • Western=Protein

The 0’s in snow drop are zeros, since there is no Eastern blot.

    • Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/

C

Cell cycle stages:“Go Sally Go! Make Children!”:

  • G1 phase (Growth phase 1)
  • S phase (DNA Synthesis)
  • G2 phase (Growth phase 2)
  • M phase (Mitosis)
  • C phase (Cytokinesis)
    • Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/

 

Chromosome 15 diseases: Chromosome 15 has its own MAP:

  • Marfan syndrome
  • Angelman syndrome
  • Prader-Willi syndrome
    • Christopher Jordan UAG

 

Codons: nonsense mutation: “Stop talking nonsense!”:

  • Nonsense mutation causes premature stop.
    • Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

 

Cri-du-chat syndrome: chromosomal deletion causing it is 5p(-)

  • What’s another name for a cat that’s five letters long and starts with a P? (Answer: pussy).
  • Why is the cat crying? Missing its P.
    • Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/

D

  1. DiGeorge/ Velocardiofacial syndrome: features: CATCH 22:
  • Cardiac abnormalities
  • Abnormal facies
  • Thymic aplasia
  • Cleft palate
  • Hypocalcemia
  • 22q11 deletion
    • Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/

 

DNA: Z vs. B form: which is inactive

  • ZZZZ is sleeping (inactive).
  • B form is therefore active DNA.
    • Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

 

Down syndrome pathology: DOWN:

  • Decreased alpha-fetoprotein and unconjugated estriol (maternal)
  • One extra chromosome twenty-one
  • Women of advanced age
  • Nondisjunction during maternal meiosis
    • Rinku S. Uberoi UNIBE

E

  1. Exon vs. intron function
  • Exons Ex
  • InTrons In Tr
    • Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/

H

Hurler syndrome features: HURLER’S:

  • Heptosplenomegaly
  • Ugly facies
  • Recessive (AR inheritance)
  • L-iduronidase deficiency (alpha)
  • Eyes clouded
  • Retarded
  • Short/ Stubby fingers
    • Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

I

  1. Imprinting diseases: Prader-Willi and Angelman: “Pray to an Angel“:
  • Prader-Willi and Angelman are the 2 classic imprinting diseases.

Which disease results, depends on whether 15q deletion is maternal or paternal.
Keep them straight by:

  • Paternal is Prader-Willi.
    • Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

M

Marfan syndrome features: MARFAN’S:

  • Mitral valve prolapse
  • Aortic Aneurysm
  • Retinal detachment
  • Fibrillin
  • Arachnodactyly
  • Negative Nitroprusside test (differentiates from homocystinuria)
  • Subluxated lens
    • Rinku Uberoi and Wabbas Mahmud UNIBE and Punjab Medical College Faisalabad, Pakistan

N

Nucleotides: class having the single ring: “Pyrimadines are CUT from purines”

Pyrimidines are:

  • Cytosine
  • Uracil
  • Thiamine

They are cut from purines so the pyrimadines must be smaller (one ring).

    • Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/

 

Nucleotides: double vs. triple bonded basepairs: “TU bonds” (two bonds):

  • T-A and U-A have Two
  • G-C therefore has the three bonds.
    • Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

 

Nucleotides: which are purines: “Pure Silver“:

  • ­Chemical formula of Pure silver is Ag.
  • Therefore, Purines are Adenine and G
    • Jason Mounts Medical College of Georgia

P

Pedigree symbols: gender and affected

  • Gender: The cIRcle is a gIRl [so boys are squares].
  • Affected: Black plague was a disease, so black-filled symbol means an affected/diseased person [so non-filled-in is unaffected].
    • Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

T

Tay Sach’s features: SACHS:

  • Spot in macula
  • Ashkenazic Jews
  • CNS degeneration
  • Hex A deficiency
  • Storage disease

Extra details with TAY:

  • Testing recommended
  • Autosomal recessive/ Amaurosis
  • Young death (<4 yrs)
    • Robert O’Connor University College Dublin
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