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Home Mnemonics

Physiology Mnemonics

Dr.NM Tamilmani by Dr.NM Tamilmani
September 9, 2023
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Physiology Mnemonics: Simplify Complex Body Functions

A

Adrenal cortex layers and products: “Go Find Rex, Make Good Sex“:

­ Layers:

  • Glomerulosa
  • Fasiculata
  • Reticulata
  • ­ Respective products:
  • Mineralcorticoids
  • Glucocorticoids
  • Sex hormones
  • ­ Alternatively for layers: GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate, convenient since adrenal glands are atop kidney).
    • Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/

 

Adrenal gland: functions: ACTH:

  • Adrenergic functions
  • Catabolism of proteins/ Carbohydrate metabolism
  • T cell immunomodulation
  • Hyper/ Hypotension (blood pressure control)
    • Author: The Cashman University of Queensland, Australia

 

Alkalosis vs. acidosis: directions of pH and HCO3: ROME:

  • Respiratory= Opposite:
  • ­ pH is high, PCO2 is down (Alkalosis).
  • ­ pH is low, PCO2 is up (Acidosis).
  • Metabolic= Equal:
  • ­ pH is high, HCO3 is high (Alkalosis).
  • ­ pH is low, HCO3 is low (Acidosis).
    • Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/

B

Balance organs

  • Utricle and Saccule keep US
    • Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/

C

Carotid sinus vs. carotid body function: carotid SinuS: measures preSSure.

  • carotid bO2dy measures O2.
    • Author: Omar Boissard, MD INTEC

 

Compliance of lungs factors: COMPLIANCE:

  • Collagen deposition (fibrosis)
  • Ossification of costal cartilages
  • Major obesity
  • Pulmonary venous congestion
  • Lung size
  • Increased expanding pressure
  • Age
  • No surfactant
  • Chest wall scarring
  • Emphysema
  • ­ All but L/A/E decrease compliance.
    • Author: Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

D

Diabetes Insipidous: diagnosing subtypes: After a desmopression injection:

  • Concentrated urine = C
  • No effect = N
    • Author: Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

E

Einthoven’s Triangle: organization: Corners are at RA (right arm), LA (left arm), LL (left leg).

  • Number of L’s at a corner tell how many + signs are at that corner [eg LL is ++].
  • Sum of number of L’s of any 2 corners tells the name of the lead [eg LL-LA is lead III].
  • For reference axes, the negative angle hemisphere is on the half of the triangle drawing that has all the
  • negative signs; positive angle hemisphere contains only positive signs.
    • Author: Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

H

Hb-oxygen dissociation curve shifts: effect, location

  • Left shift: causes Loading of O2 in L
  • Right shift: causes Release of O2 from Hb.
    • Author: Khawaja Atif Farooq Rawalpindi Medical College, Horizon Medical Institute, Pakistan

 

Heart electrical conduction pathway: “If patient’s family are all having Heart attacks, you must SAVe HIS KIN!”

  • SA node —>
  • AV node —>
  • His (bundle of) –>
  • PurKINje fibers
    • Author: Carlo Adan, MPH University of Michigan

 

Hyperthyroidism: signs and symptoms: THYROIDISM:

  • Tremor
  • Heart rate up
  • Yawning [fatigability]
  • Restlessness
  • Oligomenorrhea & amenorrhea
  • Intolerance to heat
  • Diarrhea
  • Irritability
  • Sweating
  • Musle wasting & weight loss
    • Author: Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

I

Intrinsic vs. extrinsic pathway tests: “PeT PiTTbull”:

  • PeT: PT is for extrinsic pathway.
  • PiTTbull: PTT is for intrinsic pathway.
    • Author: Marcus James Fidel Medical Student, University of New Mexico

O

Osteoblast vs. osteoclast

  • OsteoBlast Builds bone.
  • OsteoClast Consumes bone.
    • Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/

P

PGI2 vs. TxA2 coagulation function

  • TxA2 Aggregates platelets.
  • PGI2 Inhibits aggregation.
  • ­ Note: full name of PGI2 is prostaglandin I2 or prostacyclin, full name of TxA2 is thromboxane A2.
    • Author: Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

 

Pituitary hormones: FLAGTOP:

  • Follicle stimulating hormone
  • Lutinizing hormone
  • Adrenocorticotropin hormone
  • Growth hormone
  • Thyroid stimulating hormone
  • Oxytocin
  • Prolactin
  • Alternatively: GOAT FLAP with the second ‘A’ for Anti-diruetic homone/vasopressin
  • ­ Note: there is also melanocyte secreting homone and Lipotropin, but they are not well understood.
    • Reference: http://medicalmnemonics.com/

 

Progesterone: actions: PROGESTE:

  • Produce cervical mucous
  • Relax uterine smooth muscle
  • Oxycotin sensitivity down
  • Gonadotropin [FSH, LH] secretions down
  • Endometrial spiral arteries and secretions up
  • Sustain pregnancy
  • Temperature up / Tit development
  • Excitability of myometrium down
    • Author: Robert O’Connor University College Dublin

 

Prolactin and oxytocin: functions

  • PROlactin stimulates the mammary glands to PROduce milk.
  • Oxytocin stimulates the mammary glands to Ooze (release) milk.
    • Author: Rinku Uberoi Willsey Institute

T

Temperature control: cerebral regions: “High Power Air Conditioner”:

  • Heating = Posterior hipothalamo [hypothalamus].
  • Anterior hipothalamo [hypothalamus] = C
    • Author: Gilvano Amorim Oliveira Universidade de Santo Amaro São Paulo/Brasil

U

Urination: autonomic control: “When you pee, it’s PISs”:

  • Parasympathetic Inhibits S
    • Author: Muhammad Asif Iqbal Resident, SLU, MO

V

V/Q gradient in lung

  • Infinity, a lung and a zero stack nicely.
  • V/Q is lowest at bottom, highest at top.
    • Author: Robert O’Connor University College Dublin
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